Change UrlEncoder to convey utility class semantics.

.github/workflows/gradle.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
 
     strategy:
      matrix:
-       java-version: [ 11, 17 ]
+       java-version: [ 11, 17, 19 ]
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
@@ -27,11 +27,35 @@ jobs:
       - name: Grant execute permission for gradlew
         run: chmod +x gradlew
 
-      - name: Checkout project sources
+      - name: Cache SonarCloud packages
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        if: matrix.java-version == env.SONAR_JDK
+        uses: actions/cache@v1
+        with:
+          path: ~/.sonar/cache
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-sonar
+          restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-sonar
 
-      - name: Setup Gradle
+      - name: Cache Gradle packages
-        uses: gradle/gradle-build-action@v2
+        uses: actions/cache@v2
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/.gradle/caches
+            ~/.gradle/wrapper
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gradle-${{ matrix.java-version }}-${{ hashFiles('**/*.gradle*', '**/gradle-wrapper.properties') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gradle-${{ matrix.java-version }}-
 
       - name: Test with Gradle
         run: ./gradlew build check --stacktrace
+
+      - name: SonarCloud
+        if: success() && matrix.java-version == env.SONAR_JDK
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          SONAR_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SONAR_TOKEN }}
+        run: ./gradlew jacocoTestReport sonar --info
+
+      - name: Cleanup Gradle Cache
+        run: |
+          rm -f ~/.gradle/caches/modules-2/modules-2.lock
+          rm -f ~/.gradle/caches/modules-2/gc.properties

README.md

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 [![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-Apache%20License%202.0-blue.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-2.0)
 [![Nexus Snapshot](https://img.shields.io/nexus/s/com.uwyn/urlencoder?server=https%3A%2F%2Fs01.oss.sonatype.org%2F)](https://s01.oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots/com/uwyn/urlencoder/)
+[![Quality Gate Status](https://sonarcloud.io/api/project_badges/measure?project=gbevin_urlencoder&metric=alert_status)](https://sonarcloud.io/dashboard?id=gbevin_urlencoder)
 [![GitHub CI](https://github.com/gbevin/urlencoder/actions/workflows/gradle.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/gbevin/urlencoder/actions/workflows/gradle.yml)
 
 # URL Encoder for Java
@@ -7,7 +8,7 @@
 A simple library to encode/decode URL parameters.
 
 This library was extracted from the [RIFE2 Web Application Framework](https://rife2.com).  
-The Kotlin version can be found at [https://github.com/ethauvin/urlencoder](https://github.com/ethauvin/urlencoder).
+A Kotlin version can also be found at [https://github.com/ethauvin/urlencoder](https://github.com/ethauvin/urlencoder).
 
 For decades, we've been using [java.net.URLEncoder](https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.base/java/net/URLEncoder.html)
 because of its improper naming. It is actually intended to encode HTML form
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ also addresses this issue.
 UrlEncoder.encode("a test &"); // -> "a%20test%20%26"
 UrlEncoder.encode("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~"); // -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~"
 UrlEncoder.encode("%#okékÉȢ smile!😁"); // -> "%25%23ok%C3%A9k%C3%89%C8%A2%20smile%21%F0%9F%98%81"
+UrlEncoder.encode("?test=a test", "?="); // -> ?test=a%20test
 
 UrlEncoder.decode("a%20test%20%26"); // -> "a test &"
 UrlEncoder.decode("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~"); // -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~"

gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 distributionPath=wrapper/dists
-distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.5.1-bin.zip
+distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.6-bin.zip
 zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
 zipStorePath=wrapper/dists

lib/build.gradle.kts

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ plugins {
     `java-library`
     `maven-publish`
     signing
+    jacoco
+    id("org.sonarqube") version "3.5.0.2730"
 }
 
 group = "com.uwyn"
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ base {
     archivesName.set("urlencoder")
     version = "0.9-SNAPSHOT"
 }
+
 java {
     withJavadocJar()
     withSourcesJar()
@@ -18,6 +21,21 @@ java {
     }
 }
 
+tasks.jacocoTestReport {
+    reports {
+        xml.required.set(true)
+    }
+}
+
+sonarqube {
+    properties {
+        property("sonar.projectName", rootProject.name)
+        property("sonar.projectKey", "gbevin_${rootProject.name}")
+        property("sonar.organization", "gbevin")
+        property("sonar.host.url", "https://sonarcloud.io")
+        property("sonar.sourceEncoding", "UTF-8")
+    }
+}
 repositories {
     mavenCentral()
 }
@@ -51,6 +69,12 @@ publishing {
                         name.set("Geert Bevin")
                         email.set("gbevin@uwyn.com")
                     }
+                    developer {
+                        id.set("ethauvin")
+                        name.set("Erik C. Thauvin")
+                        email.set("erik@thauvin.net")
+                        url.set("https://erik.thauvin.net/")
+                    }
                 }
                 scm {
                     connection.set("scm:git:https://github.com/gbevin/urlencoder.git")

lib/src/main/java/com/uwyn/urlencoder/UrlEncoder.java

@@ -13,29 +13,156 @@ import java.util.BitSet;
  * Rules determined by <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986#page-13">RFC 3986</a>.
  *
  * @author Geert Bevin (gbevin[remove] at uwyn dot com)
+ * @author Erik C. Thauvin (erik@thauvin.net)
  * @since 1.0
  */
-public class UrlEncoder {
+public final class UrlEncoder {
+    static final BitSet UNRESERVED_URI_CHARS;
+    private static final char[] HEX_DIGITS = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
+
+    static {
+        // see https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986#page-13
+        var unreserved = new BitSet('~' + 1);
+        unreserved.set('-');
+        unreserved.set('.');
+        for (int c = '0'; c <= '9'; ++c) unreserved.set(c);
+        for (int c = 'A'; c <= 'Z'; ++c) unreserved.set(c);
+        unreserved.set('_');
+        for (int c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; ++c) unreserved.set(c);
+        unreserved.set('~');
+        UNRESERVED_URI_CHARS = unreserved;
+    }
+
+    private static void appendUrlEncodedByte(StringBuilder out, int ch) {
+        out.append("%");
+        appendUrlEncodedDigit(out, ch >> 4);
+        appendUrlEncodedDigit(out, ch);
+    }
+
+    private static void appendUrlEncodedDigit(StringBuilder out, int digit) {
+        out.append(HEX_DIGITS[digit & 0x0F]);
+    }
+
+    private UrlEncoder() {
+        // no-op
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Transforms a provided <code>String</code> URL into a new string,
+     * containing decoded URL characters in the UTF-8 encoding.
+     *
+     * @param source The string URL that has to be decoded
+     * @return The decoded <code>String</code> object.
+     * @see #encode(String, String)
+     * @since 1.0
+     */
+    public static String decode(String source) {
+        if (source == null || source.isBlank()) {
+            return source;
+        }
+
+        var length = source.length();
+        StringBuilder out = null;
+        char ch;
+        byte[] bytes_buffer = null;
+        var bytes_pos = 0;
+        var i = 0;
+        while(i < length) {
+            ch = source.charAt(i);
+
+            if (ch == '%') {
+                if (out == null) {
+                    out = new StringBuilder(length);
+                    out.append(source, 0, i);
+                }
+
+                if (bytes_buffer == null) {
+                    // the remaining characters divided by the length
+                    // of the encoding format %xx, is the maximum number of
+                    // bytes that can be extracted
+                    bytes_buffer = new byte[(length - i) / 3];
+                }
+
+                i += 1;
+                if (length < i + 2) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal escape sequence");
+                }
+                try {
+                    var v = Integer.parseInt(source, i, i + 2, 16);
+                    if (v < 0 || v > 0xFF) {
+                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal escape value");
+                    }
+
+                    bytes_buffer[bytes_pos++] = (byte) v;
+
+                    i += 2;
+                } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal characters in escape sequence: " + e.getMessage());
+                }
+            } else {
+                if (bytes_buffer != null) {
+                    out.append(new String(bytes_buffer, 0, bytes_pos, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+
+                    bytes_buffer = null;
+                    bytes_pos = 0;
+                }
+
+                if (out != null) {
+                    out.append(ch);
+                }
+
+                i += 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (out == null) {
+            return source;
+        }
+
+        if (bytes_buffer != null) {
+            out.append(new String(bytes_buffer, 0, bytes_pos, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+        }
+
+        return out.toString();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Transforms a provided <code>String</code> object into a new string,
      * containing only valid URL characters in the UTF-8 encoding.
      *
      * @param source The string that has to be transformed into a valid URL
      *               string.
+     * @param allow  Additional characters to allow.
      * @return The encoded <code>String</code> object.
      * @see #decode(String)
      * @since 1.0
      */
-    public static String encode(String source) {
+    public static String encode(String source, char... allow) {
-        if (source == null) {
+        return encode(source, new String(allow));
-            return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Transforms a provided <code>String</code> object into a new string,
+     * containing only valid URL characters in the UTF-8 encoding.
+     *
+     * @param source The string that has to be transformed into a valid URL
+     *               string.
+     * @param allow  Additional characters to allow.
+     * @return The encoded <code>String</code> object.
+     * @see #decode(String)
+     * @since 1.0
+     */
+    public static String encode(String source, String allow) {
+        if (source == null || source.isBlank()) {
+            return source;
         }
 
         StringBuilder out = null;
         char ch;
-        for (var i = 0; i < source.length(); ) {
+        var i = 0;
+        while(i < source.length()) {
             ch = source.charAt(i);
-            if (isUnreservedUriChar(ch)) {
+            if (isUnreservedUriChar(ch) || allow.indexOf(ch) != -1) {
                 if (out != null) {
                     out.append(ch);
                 }
@@ -73,115 +200,8 @@ public class UrlEncoder {
         return out.toString();
     }
 
-    static final BitSet UNRESERVED_URI_CHARS;
-
-    static {
-        // see https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986#page-13
-        var unreserved = new BitSet('~' + 1);
-        unreserved.set('-');
-        unreserved.set('.');
-        for (int c = '0'; c <= '9'; ++c) unreserved.set(c);
-        for (int c = 'A'; c <= 'Z'; ++c) unreserved.set(c);
-        unreserved.set('_');
-        for (int c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; ++c) unreserved.set(c);
-        unreserved.set('~');
-        UNRESERVED_URI_CHARS = unreserved;
-    }
-
     // see https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986#page-13
     private static boolean isUnreservedUriChar(char ch) {
-        if (ch > '~') return false;
+        return ch <= '~' && UNRESERVED_URI_CHARS.get(ch);
-        return UNRESERVED_URI_CHARS.get(ch);
-    }
-
-    private static final char[] HEX_DIGITS = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
-
-    private static void appendUrlEncodedDigit(StringBuilder out, int digit) {
-        out.append(HEX_DIGITS[digit & 0x0F]);
-    }
-
-    private static void appendUrlEncodedByte(StringBuilder out, int ch) {
-        out.append("%");
-        appendUrlEncodedDigit(out, ch >> 4);
-        appendUrlEncodedDigit(out, ch);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Transforms a provided <code>String</code> URL into a new string,
-     * containing decoded URL characters in the UTF-8 encoding.
-     *
-     * @param source The string URL that has to be decoded
-     * @return The decoded <code>String</code> object.
-     * @see #encode(String)
-     * @since 1.0
-     */
-    public static String decode(String source) {
-        if (source == null) {
-            return source;
-        }
-
-        var length = source.length();
-        StringBuilder out = null;
-        char ch;
-        byte[] bytes_buffer = null;
-        var bytes_pos = 0;
-        for (var i = 0; i < length; ) {
-            ch = source.charAt(i);
-
-            if (ch == '%') {
-                if (out == null) {
-                    out = new StringBuilder(source.length());
-                    out.append(source, 0, i);
-                }
-
-                if (bytes_buffer == null) {
-                    // the remaining characters divided by the length
-                    // of the encoding format %xx, is the maximum number of
-                    // bytes that can be extracted
-                    bytes_buffer = new byte[(length - i) / 3];
-                    bytes_pos = 0;
-                }
-
-                i += 1;
-                if (length < i + 2) {
-                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal escape sequence");
-                }
-                try {
-                    var v = Integer.parseInt(source, i, i + 2, 16);
-                    if (v < 0 || v > 0xFF) {
-                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal escape value");
-                    }
-
-                    bytes_buffer[bytes_pos++] = (byte) v;
-
-                    i += 2;
-                } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
-                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal characters in escape sequence" + e.getMessage());
-                }
-            } else {
-                if (bytes_buffer != null) {
-                    out.append(new String(bytes_buffer, 0, bytes_pos, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
-
-                    bytes_buffer = null;
-                    bytes_pos = 0;
-                }
-
-                if (out != null) {
-                    out.append(ch);
-                }
-
-                i += 1;
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (out == null) {
-            return source;
-        }
-
-        if (bytes_buffer != null) {
-            out.append(new String(bytes_buffer, 0, bytes_pos, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
-        }
-
-        return out.toString();
     }
 }

lib/src/test/java/com/uwyn/urlencoder/UrlEncoderTest.java

@@ -6,48 +6,41 @@ package com.uwyn.urlencoder;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
+import java.util.Map;
+
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 
 class UrlEncoderTest {
-    @Test
+    private String[] invalid = {"sdkjfh%", "sdkjfh%6", "sdkjfh%xx", "sdfjfh%-1"};
-    public void testEncodeURL() {
+    private String same = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~";
-        assertNull(UrlEncoder.encode(null));
+    private Map<String, String> validMap = Map.of(
-        assertEquals("a%20test%20%26", UrlEncoder.encode("a test &"));
+            "a test &", "a%20test%20%26",
-        String valid = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~";
+            "!abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz%%ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~=",
-        assertSame(valid, UrlEncoder.encode(valid));
+            "%21abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz%25%25ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~%3D",
-        assertEquals("%21abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz%25%25ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~%3D", UrlEncoder.encode("!abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz%%ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~="));
+            "%#okékÉȢ smile!😁", "%25%23ok%C3%A9k%C3%89%C8%A2%20smile%21%F0%9F%98%81"
-        assertEquals("%25%23ok%C3%A9k%C3%89%C8%A2%20smile%21%F0%9F%98%81", UrlEncoder.encode("%#okékÉȢ smile!😁"));
+    );
-    }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDecodeURL() {
+    void testDecodeURL() {
         assertNull(UrlEncoder.decode(null));
-        assertEquals("a test &", UrlEncoder.decode("a%20test%20%26"));
+        assertSame(same, UrlEncoder.decode(same));
-        String valid = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~";
+        validMap.forEach((expected, source) -> assertEquals(expected, UrlEncoder.decode(source)));
-        assertSame(valid, UrlEncoder.decode(valid));
-        assertEquals("!abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz%%ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~=", UrlEncoder.decode("%21abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz%25%25ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ0123456789-_.~%3D"));
-        assertEquals("%#okékÉȢ smile!😁", UrlEncoder.decode("%25%23ok%C3%A9k%C3%89%C8%A2%20smile%21%F0%9F%98%81"));
 
-        try {
+        for (String i : invalid) {
-            UrlEncoder.decode("sdkjfh%");
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> UrlEncoder.decode(i));
-            fail();
+        }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            assertTrue(e instanceof IllegalArgumentException);
     }
 
-        try {
+    @Test
-            UrlEncoder.decode("sdkjfh%6");
+    void testEncodeURL() {
-            fail();
+        assertNull(UrlEncoder.encode(null));
-        } catch (Exception e) {
+        assertTrue(UrlEncoder.encode("").isEmpty());
-            assertTrue(e instanceof IllegalArgumentException);
+        assertSame(same, UrlEncoder.encode(same));
-        }
+        assertSame(same, UrlEncoder.encode(same, ""));
+        validMap.forEach((source, expected) -> assertEquals(expected, UrlEncoder.encode(source)));
 
-        try {
+        assertEquals("?test=a%20test", UrlEncoder.encode("?test=a test", "?="));
-            UrlEncoder.decode("sdkjfh%xx");
+        assertEquals("?test=a%20test", UrlEncoder.encode("?test=a test", '?', '='));
-            fail();
+        assertEquals("aaa", UrlEncoder.encode("aaa", 'a'));
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            assertTrue(e instanceof IllegalArgumentException);
-        }
     }
 }